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Radio Signal Propagation
C-5
Link Parameters
Frequency: 2.4 GHz
P
out
= 4 dBm (2.5 mW)
Tx and Rx cable length (Ct and Cr) = 10 m. cable type RG214 (0.6 dB/meter)
Tx and Rx antenna gain (Gt and Gr) = 18 dBi
Distance between sites = 3 Km
Receiver sensitivity (Ps) = -84 dBm
Link Budget Calculation
EIRP = P
out
- Ct + Gt = 16 dBm
Pl = 32.4 + 20xLog(FMHz) + 20xLog(RKm) ≅ 110 dB
Si = EIRP - Pl + Gr - Cr = -82 dBm
In conclusion, the received signal power is above the sensitivity threshold, so the
link should work. The problem is that there is only a 2 dB difference between
received signal power and sensitivity. Normally, a higher margin is desirable due to
fluctuation in received power as a result of signal fading.
Signal Fading
Fading of the RF signal is caused by several factors:
♦ Multipath
The transmitted signal arrives at the receiver from different directions, with dif-
ferent path lengths, attenuation and delays. The summed signal at the receiver
may result in an attenuated signal.
Figure C-6: Multipath Reception
♦ Bad Line of Sight
An optical line of sight exists if an imaginary straight line can connect the anten-
nas on either side of the link.
Radio wave clear line of sight exists if a certain area around the optical line of sight
(Fresnel zone) is clear of obstacles. A bad line of sight exists if the first Fresnel zone
is obscured.
- User’s Guide 1
- Trade Names 3
- Statement of Conditions 3
- Warranties; Disclaimers 3
- Exclusive Warranty 3
- Disclaimer 4
- Limitation of Liability 5
- Electronic Emission Notices 5
- Antenna Installation 6
- Important Notice 7
- Support 8
- Table of Contents 9
- Table of Figures 11
- Table of Tables 12
- Chapter 1 - Introduction 13
- Scope of the Guide 14
- System Description 15
- RB-DS.11 Wireless Bridge 16
- Chapter 2 - Installation 17
- Packing List 18
- Installation Overview 19
- Site Selection Factors 21
- Rooftop Installation 22
- Antenna Polarization 22
- Antenna Seal 23
- Cell Size/Link Distance 23
- Using Outdoor Range Tables 23
- Available Antennas 23
- Precautions 24
- Installing the Outdoor Unit 25
- Installation 27
- Installing the Indoor Unit 29
- Configuring Parameters 30
- Antenna Alignment 30
- Verifying Correct Operation 31
- About This Chapter 33
- 2. Run DS11mgr.exe 34
- Unit Configuration Mode 35
- Control Window 36
- Application Control Buttons 37
- Configuration Utility Tabs 37
- Networking Parameters Tab 38
- • Management VLAN 39
- VLAN ID from 1 - 4094 40
- Ethernet 40
- Wireless 40
- SNMP Parameters Tab 42
- Counters Tab 43
- WLAN Parameters Tab 45
- Station Control Tab 48
- Security Tab 49
- ACL Table Tab (BU only) 51
- Advanced Tab 52
- General Parameters Tab 54
- Auto-Config Tab 56
- Trap Monitor Tab 57
- Firmware Upgrade Mode 58
- Advanced TFTP Settings 59
- Resetting the SNMP Community 61
- Strings 61
- One-Click Configuration 64
- Short Preamble 64
- CW Minimum 64
- RTS Threshold 65
- Basic Rate 65
- Troubleshooting Guide 68
- Supported Standards 69
- Configuration and Management 69
- Security 70
- Appendix A 73
- General 74
- DS.11 FAQ 75
- Collocation and Interference 76
- Firmware 77
- Configuration 78
- Accessories 79
- Management 80
- Appendix B 81
- Appendix C 83
- Attenuation 84
- Path Loss 84
- Free Space Loss 84
- Antenna Characteristics 85
- System Characteristics 86
- Link Parameters 87
- Link Budget Calculation 87
- Signal Fading 87
- The Line of Sight Concept 88
- Radio Signal Propagation 89
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